Which theory proposed by Wolfgang and Ferracuti explains higher levels of violence in certain subgroups?

The Subculture of Violence Theory, proposed by Wolfgang and Ferracuti, asserts that certain subgroups within society may foster cultural norms that tolerate or even condone violent behavior. This theory posits that within these subcultures, members may develop a shared understanding or acceptance of violence as an appropriate response to conflict or disputes. As a result, individuals raised or socialized in these environments may be more likely to engage in violent acts, believing such behavior aligns with their cultural norms.

The theory emphasizes how cultural context can shape behaviors, particularly regarding aggression, and highlights the idea that violence can be a learned and reinforced aspect of social life in specific communities. By focusing on subcultural influences, this theory explains disparities in violence among different demographic groups, illustrating that violence is not merely a product of individual pathology but is also intimately connected to social and cultural factors.

Other theories mentioned address different aspects of crime and behavior. Labeling Theory focuses on the societal reaction to deviance and how labels can influence a person's identity and future actions. Routine Activities Theory emphasizes the conditions necessary for crime to occur, such as the availability of potential targets. Social Learning Theory explains how behavior is learned through observation and imitation but does not specifically address the cultural context that may encourage violence as