Which theory incorporates the idea of survival of the fittest in relation to criminality?

The Biological Theory of criminology incorporates the idea of "survival of the fittest," which reflects the view that certain biological and genetic factors can predispose individuals to criminal behavior. This theory suggests that physical and psychological traits can influence a person's propensity to commit crime, implying a kind of natural selection where individuals with traits that are less favorable to societal expectations may engage in criminal acts as a survival strategy.

This approach draws from evolutionary biology and posits that just as species adapt to their environment, so too do individuals adapt their behaviors based on innate characteristics, which can include aggression, impulsivity, and risk-taking, among others. The focus on inherent biological factors distinguishes this theory from others that concentrate more on social constructs, environments, or learned behaviors. Understanding this theory is essential in the broader discussion of how biological influences can interact with social factors, but it specifically emphasizes inherent traits as a basis for understanding criminality.